Reservoirinduced seismicity an overview sciencedirect. Changes in seismic activity have been related to the filling of large reservoirs in. The induced seismicity is observed both beneath the deepest part of the reservoir and in the surrounding areas. Making the earth move reservoir induced seismicity is a term related to humans starting earthquakes. Table 1 1ists four additional case histories of proposed reservoirinduced seismicity as well as those for other types of induced earthquakes. Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs. Reservoir induced seismicity is a transitory phenomenon which will occur either immediately after filling of the reservoir, or after a delay of a few years. There are many different ways in which human activity can cause induced seismicity including geothermal operations, reservoir impoundment water behind dams, waste water injections, and oil and gas operations such as hydraulic fracturing. Induced seismicity download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. In 2009, chinese researchers said the 150meter tall zipingpu dam pdf, 5. Two types of reservoirinduced seismicity bulletin of. Many people believe that reservoirs trigger earth tremors due to load of water.
The pukaki microearthquake network was installed in 1975 to monitor possible changes in seismicity accompanying the raising of the water level of lake pukaki for hydroelectric power generation. Effective monitoring of reservoirinduced seismicity. At some reservoirs, seismicity begins almost immediately following the first filling of the reservoir. The first documented event swarm, culminating in an m b 4. Induced seismicity has also been identified as a result of reservoir impoundment. On the nature of reservoirinduced seismicity university of south. Reservoirinduced seismicity associated with the itoiz. Pdf the temporal distribution of induced seismicity following the filling of large reservoirs shows two types of response. In some cases, the isolation of a single mechanism is simple e. A rapid rise in rate, and a rapid rise in research a rapid increase in the rate of induced seismicity since 2008, including numerous felt earthquakes and several moderatesized earthquakes figures 2 and 3, abruptly raised the impact and public visibility of anthropogenic seismicity. The construction of largescale reservoirs has caused a series of environmental and geological issues in reservoir area, especially reservoir induced seismicity. New zealands proximity to antarctica has resulted in studies there. Banff 2018 international induced seismicity workshop.
The stress regime in the cooper basin, however, is compressional, with maximum horizontal stress oriented ew table 1. The primary source for induced seismicity near unconventional oil and gas plays is not from hydraulic fracturing but rather the deep disposal of water associated with oil and gas production oklahoma geological survey, 2015. Wastewater reinjection into a saline aquifer shown in 1 and the injection of fracturing fluid principally water into the shale reservoir shown in 2 have the same impact in elevating fluid pressures and driving the stress state on a deeply penetrating fault. Reservoirinduced seismicity associated with the itoiz reservoir, spain. The rangely, colorado, induced seismicity experiment is an important milestone in the study of induced seismicity that firmly established the effective stress mechanism for induced seismicity. A better understanding of reservoirinduced seismicity has come from theoretical analyses and from studies of earthquakes induced by. It was here that the role of pore pressures related with the impoundment of reservoirs was recognized as an important parameter in triggering the seismicity. Download the factsheet for more information on reservoirinduced seismicity, including key case studies of potential ris sites, quotes from leading seismologists, and a list of. Water injection at the rangely oilfield began in 1957 in response to declining petroleum production and decreased reservoir pressures. Making the earth move reservoirinduced seismicity is a term related to humans starting earthquakes. Ris is the incidence of earthquake triggered due to impoundment of water behind a dam. Characterization of induced seismicity in a petroleum reservoir.
Download epub books online free unconventional reservoir geomechanics. Because of the large areal extent of the reservoir, the long history of depletion, and the available data sets which exist as a result of consequences and public unrest caused by induced seismicity, the. Since the publication of the first dams and earthquakes in 1976, the phenomenon of reservoir induced seismicity ris is more widely understood. The temporal distribution of induced seismicity following the filling of large reservoirs shows two types of response. This study also applied a material forecast model for the estimation of timetofailure or peak seismicity in reservoirinduced seismicity, which may provide some general guidelines for shortterm field case estimations. Much of the early literature examined reservoir induced seismicity ris where in this context the reservoir means the lake that grows behind a dam. At others, pronounced increases in seismicity are not observed until a number of seasonal filling cycles have passed. Since 1979 the body of data on reservoir induced seismicity has grown. Reservoirinduced seismicity was observed in 2004 after the impoundment of the itoiz reservoir in the centralwestern pyrenees, spain. Mike sandiford melbourne energy institute university of melbourne a background paper to the office of the nsw chief scientist and engineer ocse providing information and a discussion about induced seismicity, microseismic monitoring and natural seismic impacts, in relation to csg activities.
There are now over 70 known cases of reservoirinduced earthquakes. Geothermal energy requires that fluid volumes, typically much larger than encountered in hydrocarbon. Within the last century the number of induced seismic events has increased signi. During the period 197679, the depth of the lake was increased by 37 m, thereby adding 4. A mixture of water and fracking fluids are pumped into the ground. Reservoirinduced seismicity was observed in 2004 after the impoundment of the itoiz reser voir in the centralwestern pyrenees, spain. Two types of reservoirinduced seismicity article pdf available in bulletin of the seismological society of america 786. A workshop on induced seismicity was organized during the 27th general assembly of the international association of seismology and physics of earths interior iaspei in wellington, new zealand during january 1021, 1994. Pdf two types of reservoirinduced seismicity researchgate. This volume presents a collection of 16 papers accepted for publication. The first recognized case of reservoirinduced seismicity was at.
Reservoir induced earthquakes, volume 64 1st edition. In most cases of reservoirinduced seismicity, seismicity follows the impoundment, large lakelevel changes, or filling at a later time above the highest water level. Pdf reservoir induced seismicitya new model metin ger. Fluidinduced seismicity is a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students working in the fields of geophysics, geology, geomechanics and petrophysics, and a practical guide for petroleum geoscientists and engineers working in the energy industry.
Understanding induced seismicity observational data sets provide a clearer picture of the causes of induced seismicity hydraulic fracturing at the bakken formation in north dakota. We present a hydromechanical model describing fluid injection induced seismicity. This initial seismicity is ascribable to the coupled poroelastic response of the reservoir to initial filling or water level changes. We give a brief overview on the history of each reservoir, discuss the observed seismicity and present the dominant geology and other relevant parameters. The seismicity is likely to be more widespread and deeper for a larger reservoir than for a smaller one. Itoiz reservoir in centralwestern pyrenees, spain, a region of lowlevel ambient seismicity, was the location of a m 4. Reservoirinduced seismicity at lake pukaki, new zealand. The surge of earthquakes in central oklahoma has features.
In most cases of reservoirinduced seismicity, seismicity follows the impoundment, large lakelevel changes, or filling at a later time above the highest water level achieved until then. Uploaded fiction and nonfiction pdf unconventional reservoir geomechanics. The location of the seismicity is governed by the nature of faulting below and near the reservoir. A detailed understanding of the physical processes associated with reservoir induced seismicity is required for assessing and eventually mitigating the seismic risk. Three main geologic features are required to exist before an induced. Induced seismicity often has a negative connotation, but the vast majority goes unnoticed. Induced seismicity potential in energy technologies identifies gaps in knowledge and research needed to advance the understanding of induced seismicity. One important objection to large wrd projects is reservoir induced seismicity ris. These damaging earthquakes have occurred in china, kariba, zambia, greece, kremasta, koyna, india, california and elsewhere. There are now over 70 known cases of reservoir induced earthquakes.
Monitoring induced seismicity can aid reservoir characterization, improve performance, reduce cost, alert the operator of potential issues, improve safety, and reduce risk. On the nature of reservoirinduced seismicity springerlink. Pdf reservoirinduced seismicity associated with the. Features of reservoirinduced seismicity more than 70 years ago, carder 32 noted a positive correlation between the water level of lake mead, nevadaarizona u. Pdf reservoir induced seismicity in the koynawarna region. Characterization of induced seismicity in a petroleum.
Mechanism of reservoirinduced seismicity, koyna, monticello reservoir, lake mead. Shale gas, tight oil, and induced seismicity zoback, mark d. Two types of reservoirinduced seismicity increased. Since the identification of a causal association of. Following further impoundment to 2008, the seismicity has spread as. Download epub books online free unconventional reservoir. The mechanism of induced seismicity download ebook pdf.
New zealand seismologists have also made significant contributions in the fields of earthquake prediction, whole earth studies, wave propagation, microzoning, reservoir induced seismicity, and the detection of nuclear explosions. For control and mitigation of induced seismicity, this document defines limits or triggers that, if activated, will initiate mitigation actions up to and including stopping injection and immediately flowing. Shale gas, tight oil, and induced seismicity by mark d. Shale gas, tight oil, and induced seismicity 9781107087071. The first international conference on induced seismicity held at banff in 1975, was the beginning of my odyssey in understanding the mechanism of reservoirinduced seismicity. Induced seismicity in the cooper basin reservoir is also associated with a larger fault and driven by the stress field baisch et al. A vertical well taps a conventional oil reservoir whereas a horizontal well accesses a shale reservoir for gas. Subsequent annual filling cycles were accompanied by large epicentral growth in the northern part of the.
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